HISTORY OF JERUSALEM - Timeline

HISTORY OF JERUSALEM - Timeline

B.C.E.

The First Temple Period

1000

King David establishes Jerusalem as the capital of Israel

The Temple Site is acquired

961

King Solomon builds the First Temple

922

The Kingdom is divided into Israel and Judah

715

King Hezekiah of Judah

701

Assyrian invasion of Jerusalem by Sennacherib

587

Nebuchadnezzar destroys Jerusalem and the Temple

Jews are exiled to Babylon

The Prophet Ezekiel

The Second Temple Period

The Persian Period

537

Edict of Cyrus King of Persia, permitting Jews to resettle Jerusalem

515

The Second Temple is built

440

Nehemiah rebuilds the walls of Jerusalem

435

Ezra continues the rebuilding of Jerusalem

The Hellenistic Period

332

Alexander the Great conquers Jerusalem

312

Judea under the rule of the Egyptian Ptolemies

198

the Syrian Seleucid king, Antiochus III conquers Jerusalem

169

Antiochus IV plunders the Temple

The Hasmonean Period (Maccabees)

167

The revolt of the Maccabees

164

Reconquest of the Temple Mount and the re-dedication of the Temple

The Roman Period

63

Pompey conquers Jerusalem, Roman rule begins

40

Hasmonean King Antigonus retakes Jerusalem from the Romans

37

King Herod the Great reconquers Jerusalem

19

The Temple Mount is enlarged and the the Temple is rebuilt

C.E.

29

Life of Jesus (4 B.C.E. – 29 C.E.)

66

The War of the Jews against the Roman

70

Titus sacks Jerusalem and destroys the Second Temple

75

Rome's Colosseum is built with the enormous loot of this plunder

(End of the Second Temple Period)

132

Bar Kochba Revolt, with Jerusalem as the Jewish Capital

135

Emperor Hadrian's total destruction of the city of Jerusalem

rebuilds the city with new walls and renames it Aelia Capitolina

Jews are banished from Jerusalem on pain of death

The Byzantine Period

324

Constantine becomes Emperor of the Roman Empire

Queen Helena (Constantine's mother) builds Christian churches in Jeruslalem

614

Persian conquest of Jerusalem

629

Byzantines recapture Jerusalem

The Arab Period

638

Caliph Omar conquers Jerusalem

691

Dome of the Rock is completed

715

El Aksa Mosque is completed

1073

Far eastern Seljuks conquer Jerusalem

Persecution of Christians and Jews

The Crusader Period

1099

Crusaders capture Jerusalem

Jerusalem made the Capital of the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem

Jews and Muslims are banished from Jerusalem

1187

Saladin captures Jerusalem

The Mameluke Period

1250

Mameluke Muslims rule Jerusalem and Palestine

The Ottoman Turkish Period

1516

Ottoman sultan Selim I takes control of Jerusalem

1520

Suleiman The Magnificent rebuilds the city walls and other structures

1917

Ottoman rule ends by British conquest

1917	British conquer Jerusalem; British Mandate period
1947	Partition plan calls for internationalization of Jerusalem
1949	Jerusalem proclaimed Capital of the state of Israel
1965	Teddy Kollek becomes Mayor
1967 1980 1998	Six Day War - Jerusalem reunified under Israeli control The Israel Knesset passes the  Basic Law: Jerusalem, declaring Jerusalem the Capital of Israel and a united city. Passing of the "Jerusalem Day Law", establishes the 28th Iyar, Yom Yerushalayim, as a national holiday.
1992	25 years for reunification
1996 2007	3000 years since the establishment of Jerusalem as the capital city by King David Israel and the city of Jerusalem celebrates 40 years of reunification.

BCE BEFORE THE COMMON ERA   1004 King David establishes Jerusalem as the capital of the Kingdom of Israel   967 King Solomon's reign begins   960 Solomon builds the First Temple as the religious and spiritual center of the Jewish People   922 The Kingdom divides between North (Israel) and South (Judah) - Jerusalem is the capital of Judah   586 Nebuchadnezzer, King of Babylon conquers Jerusalem and destroys the First Temple - the Jews are exiled to Babylon   MID-530s Jews return to Eretz Israel from Babylon and start to build the Second Temple   517 Second Temple is completed   MID 5th Century Ezra and Nehemiah rebuild Jerusalem's walls and strengthen the Jewish community   332 Alexander the Great (Greece) conquers Jerusalem   Late 4th Century Ptolemy I takes control of the city   199 Jerusalem is conquered by the Seleucids of Syria   167-164 Maccabean revolt against the Hellenistic domination; Jerusalem is restored to jewish autonomy under Hasmonean (Maccabean Empire)   63 Roman invasion led by Pompey   37 King Herod appointed as ruler of Judah by the Romans, restores the Temple         CE COMMON ERA   33 Jesus crucified in Jerusalem   66-73 First Jewish Revolt against Rome   70 Jerusalem and the Second Temple are destroyed after Roman siege   132-135 Second Jewish revolt led by Bar Kochba, Jews slaughtered, exiled from the city   324 Byzantine rule - the Roman Empire including Jerusalem becomes christian under Emperor Constantine   614-638 Jerusalem falls to the Persians (614), Byzantines (629) and Arab Muslims (638)   688-691 Dome of the Rock and El-Aksa built   1099 First Crusaders capture Jerusalem   1187 Saladin captures Jerusalem   1260 Mamelukes rule Jerusalem   1516-17 Turkish Ottoman Empire (sultan Selim) conquers Jerusalem   1535-38 Suleiman the Magnificent rebuilds city walls   1858-60 Mishkenot Sha'ananim built by Montefiore - first jewish settlement outside Old City walls   1917 British conquer Jerusalem; British Mandate period   1947 Partition plan calls for internationalization of Jerusalem   1949 Jerusalem proclaimed Capital of the state of Israel   1965 Teddy Kollek becomes Mayor   1967 1980 1998 Six Day War - Jerusalem reunified under Israeli control The Israel Knesset passes the  Basic Law: Jerusalem, declaring Jerusalem the Capital of Israel and a united city. Passing of the "Jerusalem Day Law", establishes the 28th Iyar, Yom Yerushalayim, as a national holiday.   1992 25 years for reunification   1996 2007 3000 years since the establishment of Jerusalem as the capital city by King David Israel and the city of Jerusalem celebrates 40 years of reunification.